Local energy communities, citizen cooperatives, and collective self-consumption: Forms and trajectories in France
Communautés énergétiques locales, coopératives citoyennes et autoconsommation collective : formes et trajectoires en France
Résumé
In this introduction to the special issue of Flux magazine, the authors explore the definitions of the term “energy community” in social science literature particularly in geography and urban planning. They highlight the two emerging research trends: one focusing on the emergence and role of energy communities within the energy sector, the other considering energy communities as a new field of action for local players and public policies. The cross-cutting analysis
of the 4 articles of he special issue (Assié, Maitre, Aubert-Souami and Fonteneau), the interview with Didier Laffaille, Secretary of the Prospective Committee of the Commission de Régulation de l'Energie (French energy regulator), and communications from the webinars “Energy communities, self-production, self-consumption: frameworks, practices and tools” highlights two
forms deployed in France. Firstly, the citizen cooperatives are positioned as a market players, but distinct from capital-intensive players by local area of activities and an open and collective deliberation. Secondly, collective self-consumption collect!ves takes flows out of the market to share them between members of the collective in spatial proximity. Their deployment trajectory
combines local mobilization, trans-territorial structuring and the framework by the State in very different ways.
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